Storage and Retrieval
- Storage is the process of keeping information in memory.
- Retrieval refers to the reactivation or reconstruction of events or information from our memory stores.
- In the process of memory retrieval, recall refers to the generation of previously remembered events or information.
- In the process of memory retrieval, recognition involves selecting previously remembered information from a set of objects.
- The Austin Simonson theory states that the process of recall begins with a search and retrieval process, and then a decision or recognition process where the correct information is chosen from what has been retrieved.
- The theory of encoding specificity describes how the memory utilizes information from the memory trace, or the situation in which it was learned, and from the environment in which it is retrieved. Memory is improved when information available at encoding is also available at retrieval.
- Context-dependent memory refers to improved recall of specific episodes or information when the context present at encoding and retrieval are the same.
- Relearning refers to the reacquisition of knowledge that had been previously learned but largely forgotten over time. Learning occurs much more rapidly the second time.
- Spreading activation is a method for searching associative networks, neural networks, or semantic networks. The search process is initiated by labeling a set of source nodes and then iteratively propagating that activation out to other nodes linked to the source nodes.
- The tip-of-the-tongue phenomenon is the failure to retrieve a word from memory, combined with partial recall and the feeling that retrieval is imminent.
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