Stoichiometry
Each list begins with basic conceptual vocabulary you need to know for MCAT questions and proceeds to advanced terms that might appear in context in MCAT passages. The terms are links to Wikipedia articles.
Stoichiometry
Stoichiometry is the calculation of quantitative relationships of the reactants and products in chemical reactions.
Stoichiometry is the calculation of quantitative relationships of the reactants and products in chemical reactions.
Mole
The mole is the SI base unit that measures an amount of substance, equal to Avogadro's number of entities.
The mole is the SI base unit that measures an amount of substance, equal to Avogadro's number of entities.
Gram
Although the definition is more formal now, the gram was originally defined as the absolute weight of a volume of pure water equal to the cube of the hundredth part of a metre, and at the temperature of melting ice.
Although the definition is more formal now, the gram was originally defined as the absolute weight of a volume of pure water equal to the cube of the hundredth part of a metre, and at the temperature of melting ice.
Reagent
A reactant or reagent is a substance consumed during a chemical reaction.
A reactant or reagent is a substance consumed during a chemical reaction.
Product
A product is a substance that forms as a result of a chemical reaction.
A product is a substance that forms as a result of a chemical reaction.
Chemical reaction
A chemical reaction is a process that results in the interconversion of chemical substances.
A chemical reaction is a process that results in the interconversion of chemical substances.
Avogadro number
Avogadro's number is the number of entities in one mole
Avogadro's number is the number of entities in one mole
Chemical equation
A chemical equation is a symbolic representation of a chemical reaction.
A chemical equation is a symbolic representation of a chemical reaction.
Conservation of mass
The law of conservation of mass states that the total amount of matter within a closed system will remain constant, regardless of the processes acting inside the system.
The law of conservation of mass states that the total amount of matter within a closed system will remain constant, regardless of the processes acting inside the system.
Molecular mass
The molecular mass of a substance is the mass of one molecule of that substance, relative to the unified atomic mass unit (equal to 1/12 the mass of one atom of carbon-12).
The molecular mass of a substance is the mass of one molecule of that substance, relative to the unified atomic mass unit (equal to 1/12 the mass of one atom of carbon-12).
Atomic mass
The atomic mass is the mass of an atom at rest, most often expressed in unifed amu.
The atomic mass is the mass of an atom at rest, most often expressed in unifed amu.
Yield
Yield is the amount of product obtained in a chemical reaction.
Yield is the amount of product obtained in a chemical reaction.
Limiting reagent
The limiting reagent is the chemical that determines how far a reaction would go because the chemical in question is the reagent that would get completely used up, causing the reaction to stop.
The limiting reagent is the chemical that determines how far a reaction would go because the chemical in question is the reagent that would get completely used up, causing the reaction to stop.
Gram atomic mass
Gram atomic mass is the mass in grams of one mole of atoms in an element.
Gram atomic mass is the mass in grams of one mole of atoms in an element.
Chemical formula
A chemical formula is a concise way of expressing information about the atoms that constitute a particular chemical compound.
A chemical formula is a concise way of expressing information about the atoms that constitute a particular chemical compound.
Structural formula
The structural formula of a chemical compound is a graphical representation of the molecular structure showing how the atoms are arranged.
The structural formula of a chemical compound is a graphical representation of the molecular structure showing how the atoms are arranged.
Law of definite proportions
The law of definite proportions states that a chemical compound always contains exactly the same proportion of elements by mass.
The law of definite proportions states that a chemical compound always contains exactly the same proportion of elements by mass.
Empirical formula
The empirical formula of a chemical compound is a simple expression of the relative number of each type of atom in it.
The empirical formula of a chemical compound is a simple expression of the relative number of each type of atom in it.
Equivalent
The equivalent is a measurement unit used in chemistry and the biological sciences, which measures of a substance's ability to combine with other substances, an expression frequently used in the context of normality.
The equivalent is a measurement unit used in chemistry and the biological sciences, which measures of a substance's ability to combine with other substances, an expression frequently used in the context of normality.
Atom economy
Atom economy describes the conversion efficiency of a chemical process in terms of all atoms involved.
Atom economy describes the conversion efficiency of a chemical process in terms of all atoms involved.
Gram equivalent
A gram equivalent is the mass in grams of a compound's equivalent weight.
A gram equivalent is the mass in grams of a compound's equivalent weight.
Amedeo Avogadro
Lorenzo Avogadro (1776 - 1856) was an Italian scientist most noted for his contributions to the theory of molarity and molecular weight.
Lorenzo Avogadro (1776 - 1856) was an Italian scientist most noted for his contributions to the theory of molarity and molecular weight.
Law of multiple proportions
The law of multiple proportions, sometimes called Dalton's Law, states that if two elements form more than one compound between them, then the ratios of the masses of the second element which combine with a fixed mass of the first element will be ratios of small whole numbers.
The law of multiple proportions, sometimes called Dalton's Law, states that if two elements form more than one compound between them, then the ratios of the masses of the second element which combine with a fixed mass of the first element will be ratios of small whole numbers.
Non-stoichiometric compound
Non-stoichiometric compounds are chemical compounds with an elemental composition that cannot be represented by a ratio of well-defined natural numbers, and therefore violate of the law of definite proportions.
Non-stoichiometric compounds are chemical compounds with an elemental composition that cannot be represented by a ratio of well-defined natural numbers, and therefore violate of the law of definite proportions.
Equivalent weight
Equivalent weight is the amount of an element that reacts with 1 mole of electrons.
Equivalent weight is the amount of an element that reacts with 1 mole of electrons.
Mass balance
A mass balance is an application of conservation of mass to the analysis of physical systems.
A mass balance is an application of conservation of mass to the analysis of physical systems.
