Overview of protein synthesis.

The central dogma of molecular biology explains the flow of genetic information within a biological system. In reviewing protein structure, it's good to keep an integrated perspective, that what you are looking at with a protein is the product of gene expression. DNA in the genome is transcribed into mRNA within the transcriptome and mRNA is translated into proteins within the proteome. Translation of the mRNA on ribosomes produces the polypeptide chain which may or may not require further post-translational modification to give rise to the mature protein. Structural proteins frequently exhibit regularities in their amino acid sequence, but this tends not to be the case with globular proteins.